Source code for psychopy.event

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""To handle input from keyboard, mouse and joystick (joysticks require
pygame to be installed).
See demo_mouse.py and i{demo_joystick.py} for examples
"""
# Part of the PsychoPy library
# Copyright (C) 2002-2018 Jonathan Peirce (C) 2019-2024 Open Science Tools Ltd.
# Distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL).

# 01/2011 modified by Dave Britton to get mouse event timing

import sys
import string
import copy
import numpy
from collections import namedtuple, OrderedDict
from psychopy.preferences import prefs

# try to import pyglet & pygame and hope the user has at least one of them!
try:
    from pygame import mouse, locals, joystick, display
    import pygame.key
    import pygame.event as evt
    havePygame = True
except ImportError:
    havePygame = False
try:
    import pyglet
    havePyglet = True
except ImportError:
    havePyglet = False
try:
    import glfw
    haveGLFW = True
except ImportError:
    haveGLFW = False

try:
    from collections.abc import MutableMapping
except ImportError:
    from collections import MutableMapping

if havePygame:
    usePygame = True  # will become false later if win not initialised
else:
    usePygame = False

if haveGLFW:
    useGLFW = True
else:
    useGLFW = False


if havePyglet:
    # get the default display
    if pyglet.version < '1.4':
        _default_display_ = pyglet.window.get_platform().get_default_display()
    else:
        _default_display_ = pyglet.canvas.get_display()


import psychopy.core
from psychopy.tools.monitorunittools import cm2pix, deg2pix, pix2cm, pix2deg
from psychopy import logging
from psychopy.constants import NOT_STARTED


# global variable to keep track of mouse buttons
mouseButtons = [0, 0, 0]


if havePyglet or haveGLFW:
    # importing from mouse takes ~250ms, so do it now
    if havePyglet:
        from pyglet.window.mouse import LEFT, MIDDLE, RIGHT
        from pyglet.window.key import (
            MOD_SHIFT,
            MOD_CTRL,
            MOD_ALT,
            MOD_CAPSLOCK,
            MOD_NUMLOCK,
            MOD_WINDOWS,
            MOD_COMMAND,
            MOD_OPTION,
            MOD_SCROLLLOCK
        )

    _keyBuffer = []
    mouseWheelRel = numpy.array([0.0, 0.0])
    # list of 3 clocks that are reset on mouse button presses
    mouseClick = [psychopy.core.Clock(), psychopy.core.Clock(),
                  psychopy.core.Clock()]
    # container for time elapsed from last reset of mouseClick[n] for any
    # button pressed
    mouseTimes = [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]
    # clock for tracking time of mouse movement, reset when mouse is moved,
    # reset on mouse motion:
    mouseMove = psychopy.core.Clock()
    # global eventThread
    # eventThread = _EventDispatchThread()
    # eventThread.start()
    if haveGLFW:
        # GLFW keycodes for special characters
        _glfw_keycodes_ = {
            glfw.KEY_SPACE: 'space',
            glfw.KEY_ESCAPE: 'esc',
            glfw.KEY_ENTER: 'return',
            glfw.KEY_TAB: 'tab',
            glfw.KEY_BACKSPACE: 'backspace',
            glfw.KEY_INSERT: 'insert',
            glfw.KEY_DELETE: 'delete',
            glfw.KEY_RIGHT: 'right',
            glfw.KEY_LEFT: 'left',
            glfw.KEY_DOWN: 'down',
            glfw.KEY_UP: 'up',
            glfw.KEY_PAGE_UP: 'pageup',
            glfw.KEY_PAGE_DOWN: 'pagedn',
            glfw.KEY_HOME: 'home',
            glfw.KEY_END: 'end',
            glfw.KEY_CAPS_LOCK: 'capslock',
            glfw.KEY_SCROLL_LOCK: 'scrolllock',
            glfw.KEY_NUM_LOCK: 'numlock',
            glfw.KEY_PRINT_SCREEN: 'printscreen',
            glfw.KEY_PAUSE: 'pause',
            glfw.KEY_F1: 'f1',
            glfw.KEY_F2: 'f2',
            glfw.KEY_F3: 'f3',
            glfw.KEY_F4: 'f4',
            glfw.KEY_F5: 'f5',
            glfw.KEY_F6: 'f6',
            glfw.KEY_F7: 'f7',
            glfw.KEY_F8: 'f8',
            glfw.KEY_F9: 'f9',
            glfw.KEY_F10: 'f10',
            glfw.KEY_F11: 'f11',
            glfw.KEY_F12: 'f12',
            glfw.KEY_F13: 'f13',
            glfw.KEY_F14: 'f14',
            glfw.KEY_F15: 'f15',
            glfw.KEY_F16: 'f16',
            glfw.KEY_F17: 'f17',
            glfw.KEY_F18: 'f18',
            glfw.KEY_F19: 'f19',
            glfw.KEY_F20: 'f20',
            glfw.KEY_F21: 'f21',
            glfw.KEY_F22: 'f22',
            glfw.KEY_F23: 'f23',
            glfw.KEY_F24: 'f24',
            glfw.KEY_F25: 'f25',
        }

useText = False  # By default _onPygletText is not used


def _onPygletText(text, emulated=False):
    """handler for on_text pyglet events, or call directly to emulate a text
    event.

    S Mathot 2012: This function only acts when the key that is pressed
    corresponds to a non-ASCII text character (Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, etc.).
    In that case the symbol that is passed to _onPygletKey() is translated
    into a useless 'user_key()' string. If this happens, _onPygletText takes
    over the role of capturing the key. Unfortunately, _onPygletText()
    cannot solely handle all input, because it does not respond to spacebar
    presses, etc.
    """

    global useText
    if not useText:  # _onPygletKey has handled the input
        return
    # This is needed because sometimes the execution
    # sequence is messed up (somehow)
    useText = False
    # capture when the key was pressed:
    keyTime = psychopy.core.getTime()
    if emulated:
        keySource = 'EmulatedKey'
    else:
        keySource = 'KeyPress'
    _keyBuffer.append((text.lower(), lastModifiers, keyTime))
    logging.data("%s: %s" % (keySource, text))


def _onPygletKey(symbol, modifiers, emulated=False):
    """handler for on_key_press pyglet events; call directly to emulate a
    key press

    Appends a tuple with (keyname, timepressed) into the global _keyBuffer.
    The _keyBuffer can then be accessed as normal using event.getKeys(),
    .waitKeys(), clearBuffer(), etc.

    J Gray 2012: Emulated means add a key (symbol) to the buffer virtually.
    This is useful for fMRI_launchScan, and for unit testing (in testTheApp)
    Logging distinguishes EmulatedKey events from real Keypress events.
    For emulation, the key added to the buffer is unicode(symbol), instead of
    pyglet.window.key.symbol_string(symbol).

    S Mathot 2012: Implement fallback to _onPygletText

    5AM Solutions 2016: Add the keyboard modifier flags to the key buffer.

    M Cutone 2018: Added GLFW backend support.

    """
    global useText, lastModifiers

    keyTime = psychopy.core.getTime()  # capture when the key was pressed
    if emulated:
        if not isinstance(modifiers, int):
            msg = 'Modifiers must be passed as an integer value.'
            raise ValueError(msg)

        thisKey = str(symbol)
        keySource = 'EmulatedKey'
    else:
        thisKey = pyglet.window.key.symbol_string(
            symbol).lower()  # convert symbol into key string
        # convert pyglet symbols to pygame forms ( '_1'='1', 'NUM_1'='[1]')
        # 'user_key' indicates that Pyglet has been unable to make sense
        # out of the keypress. In that case, we fall back to _onPygletText
        # to handle the input.
        if 'user_key' in thisKey:
            useText = True
            lastModifiers = modifiers
            return
        useText = False
        thisKey = thisKey.lstrip('_').lstrip('NUM_')
        # Pyglet 1.3.0 returns 'enter' when Return key (0xFF0D) is pressed 
        # in Windows Python3. So we have to replace 'enter' with 'return'.
        if thisKey == 'enter':
            thisKey = 'return'
        keySource = 'Keypress'
    _keyBuffer.append((thisKey, modifiers, keyTime))  # tuple
    logging.data("%s: %s" % (keySource, thisKey))
    _process_global_event_key(thisKey, modifiers)


def _process_global_event_key(key, modifiers):
    if modifiers == 0:
        modifier_keys = ()
    else:
        modifier_keys = ['%s' % m.strip('MOD_').lower() for m in
                         (pyglet.window.key.modifiers_string(modifiers)
                          .split('|'))]

        # Ignore Num Lock.
        if 'numlock' in modifier_keys:
            modifier_keys.remove('numlock')

    index_key = globalKeys._gen_index_key((key, modifier_keys))

    if index_key in globalKeys:
        event = globalKeys[index_key]
        logging.exp('Global key event: %s. Calling %s.'
                    % (event.name, event.func))
        r = event.func(*event.func_args, **event.func_kwargs)
        return r


def _onPygletMousePress(x, y, button, modifiers, emulated=False):
    """button left=1, middle=2, right=4;
    specify multiple buttons with | operator
    """
    global mouseButtons, mouseClick, mouseTimes
    now = psychopy.clock.getTime()
    if emulated:
        label = 'Emulated'
    else:
        label = ''
    if button & LEFT:
        mouseButtons[0] = 1
        mouseTimes[0] = now - mouseClick[0].getLastResetTime()
        label += ' Left'
    if button & MIDDLE:
        mouseButtons[1] = 1
        mouseTimes[1] = now - mouseClick[1].getLastResetTime()
        label += ' Middle'
    if button & RIGHT:
        mouseButtons[2] = 1
        mouseTimes[2] = now - mouseClick[2].getLastResetTime()
        label += ' Right'
    logging.data("Mouse: %s button down, pos=(%i,%i)" % (label.strip(), x, y))


def _onPygletMouseRelease(x, y, button, modifiers, emulated=False):
    global mouseButtons
    if emulated:
        label = 'Emulated'
    else:
        label = ''
    if button & LEFT:
        mouseButtons[0] = 0
        label += ' Left'
    if button & MIDDLE:
        mouseButtons[1] = 0
        label += ' Middle'
    if button & RIGHT:
        mouseButtons[2] = 0
        label += ' Right'
    logging.data("Mouse: %s button up, pos=(%i,%i)" % (label, x, y))


def _onPygletMouseWheel(x, y, scroll_x, scroll_y):
    global mouseWheelRel
    mouseWheelRel = mouseWheelRel + numpy.array([scroll_x, scroll_y])
    msg = "Mouse: wheel shift=(%i,%i), pos=(%i,%i)"
    logging.data(msg % (scroll_x, scroll_y, x, y))


# will this work? how are pyglet event handlers defined?
def _onPygletMouseMotion(x, y, dx, dy):
    global mouseMove
    # mouseMove is a core.Clock() that is reset when the mouse moves
    # default is None, but start and stopMoveClock() create and remove it,
    # mouseMove.reset() resets it by hand
    if mouseMove:
        mouseMove.reset()


def startMoveClock():
    global mouseMove
    mouseMove = psychopy.core.Clock()


def stopMoveClock():
    global mouseMove
    mouseMove = None


def resetMoveClock():
    global mouseMove
    if mouseMove:
        mouseMove.reset()
    else:
        startMoveClock()

# class Keyboard:
#    """The keyboard class is currently just a helper class to allow common
#    attributes with other objects (like mouse and stimuli). In particular
#    it allows storage of the .status property (NOT_STARTED, STARTED, STOPPED).

#    It isn't really needed for most users - the functions it supports (e.g.
#    getKeys()) are directly callable from the event module.

#    Note that multiple Keyboard instances will not keep separate buffers.

#    """
#    def __init__(self):
#        self.status=NOT_STARTED
#    def getKeys(keyList=None, timeStamped=False):
#        return getKeys(keyList=keyList, timeStamped=timeStamped)
#    def waitKeys(maxWait = None, keyList=None):
#        return def waitKeys(maxWait = maxWait, keyList=keyList)


def modifiers_dict(modifiers):
    """Return dict where the key is a keyboard modifier flag
    and the value is the boolean state of that flag.

    """
    return {(mod[4:].lower()): modifiers & getattr(sys.modules[__name__], mod) > 0 for mod in [
        'MOD_SHIFT',
        'MOD_CTRL',
        'MOD_ALT',
        'MOD_CAPSLOCK',
        'MOD_NUMLOCK',
        'MOD_WINDOWS',
        'MOD_COMMAND',
        'MOD_OPTION',
        'MOD_SCROLLLOCK'
    ]}

[docs]def getKeys(keyList=None, modifiers=False, timeStamped=False): """Returns a list of keys that were pressed. :Parameters: keyList : **None** or [] Allows the user to specify a set of keys to check for. Only keypresses from this set of keys will be removed from the keyboard buffer. If the keyList is `None`, all keys will be checked and the key buffer will be cleared completely. NB, pygame doesn't return timestamps (they are always 0) modifiers : **False** or True If True will return a list of tuples instead of a list of keynames. Each tuple has (keyname, modifiers). The modifiers are a dict of keyboard modifier flags keyed by the modifier name (eg. 'shift', 'ctrl'). timeStamped : **False**, True, or `Clock` If True will return a list of tuples instead of a list of keynames. Each tuple has (keyname, time). If a `core.Clock` is given then the time will be relative to the `Clock`'s last reset. :Author: - 2003 written by Jon Peirce - 2009 keyList functionality added by Gary Strangman - 2009 timeStamped code provided by Dave Britton - 2016 modifiers code provided by 5AM Solutions """ keys = [] if havePygame and display.get_init(): # see if pygame has anything instead (if it exists) windowSystem = 'pygame' for evts in evt.get(locals.KEYDOWN): # pygame has no keytimes keys.append((pygame.key.name(evts.key), 0)) elif havePyglet: # for each (pyglet) window, dispatch its events before checking event # buffer windowSystem = 'pyglet' for win in _default_display_.get_windows(): try: win.dispatch_events() # pump events on pyglet windows except ValueError as e: # pragma: no cover # Pressing special keys, such as 'volume-up', results in a # ValueError. This appears to be a bug in pyglet, and may be # specific to certain systems and versions of Python. logging.error(u'Failed to handle keypress') global _keyBuffer if len(_keyBuffer) > 0: # then pyglet is running - just use this keys = _keyBuffer # _keyBuffer = [] # DO /NOT/ CLEAR THE KEY BUFFER ENTIRELY elif haveGLFW: windowSystem = 'glfw' # 'poll_events' is called when a window is flipped, all the callbacks # populate the buffer if len(_keyBuffer) > 0: keys = _keyBuffer if keyList is None: _keyBuffer = [] # clear buffer entirely targets = keys # equivalent behavior to getKeys() else: nontargets = [] targets = [] # split keys into keepers and pass-thrus for key in keys: if key[0] in keyList: targets.append(key) else: nontargets.append(key) _keyBuffer = nontargets # save these # now we have a list of tuples called targets # did the user want timestamped tuples or keynames? if modifiers == False and timeStamped == False: keyNames = [k[0] for k in targets] return keyNames elif timeStamped == False: keyNames = [(k[0], modifiers_dict(k[1])) for k in targets] return keyNames elif timeStamped and windowSystem=='pygame': # provide a warning and set timestamps to be None logging.warning('Pygame keyboard events do not support timestamped=True') relTuple = [[_f for _f in (k[0], modifiers and modifiers_dict(k[1]) or None, None) if _f] for k in targets] return relTuple elif hasattr(timeStamped, 'getLastResetTime'): # keys were originally time-stamped with # core.monotonicClock._lastResetTime # we need to shift that by the difference between it and # our custom clock _last = timeStamped.getLastResetTime() _clockLast = psychopy.core.monotonicClock.getLastResetTime() timeBaseDiff = _last - _clockLast relTuple = [[_f for _f in (k[0], modifiers and modifiers_dict(k[1]) or None, k[-1] - timeBaseDiff) if _f] for k in targets] return relTuple elif timeStamped is True: return [[_f for _f in (k[0], modifiers and modifiers_dict(k[1]) or None, k[-1]) if _f] for k in targets] elif isinstance(timeStamped, (float, int, int)): relTuple = [[_f for _f in (k[0], modifiers and modifiers_dict(k[1]) or None, k[-1] - timeStamped) if _f] for k in targets] return relTuple else: ## danger - catch anything that gets here because it shouldn't! raise ValueError("We received an unknown combination of params to " "getKeys(): timestamped={}, windowSystem={}, " "modifiers={}" .format(timeStamped, windowSystem, modifiers))
[docs]def waitKeys(maxWait=float('inf'), keyList=None, modifiers=False, timeStamped=False, clearEvents=True): """Same as `~psychopy.event.getKeys`, but halts everything (including drawing) while awaiting input from keyboard. :Parameters: maxWait : any numeric value. Maximum number of seconds period and which keys to wait for. Default is float('inf') which simply waits forever. keyList : **None** or [] Allows the user to specify a set of keys to check for. Only keypresses from this set of keys will be removed from the keyboard buffer. If the keyList is `None`, all keys will be checked and the key buffer will be cleared completely. NB, pygame doesn't return timestamps (they are always 0) modifiers : **False** or True If True will return a list of tuples instead of a list of keynames. Each tuple has (keyname, modifiers). The modifiers are a dict of keyboard modifier flags keyed by the modifier name (eg. 'shift', 'ctrl'). timeStamped : **False**, True, or `Clock` If True will return a list of tuples instead of a list of keynames. Each tuple has (keyname, time). If a `core.Clock` is given then the time will be relative to the `Clock`'s last reset. clearEvents : **True** or False Whether to clear the keyboard event buffer (and discard preceding keypresses) before starting to monitor for new keypresses. Returns None if times out. """ if clearEvents: # Only consider keypresses from here onwards. # We need to invoke clearEvents(), but our keyword argument is # also called clearEvents. We can work around this conflict by # accessing the global scope explicitly. globals()['clearEvents']('keyboard') # Check for keypresses until maxWait is exceeded # # NB pygame.event does have a wait() function that will # do this and maybe leave more cpu idle time? timer = psychopy.core.Clock() got_keypress = False while not got_keypress and timer.getTime() < maxWait: # Pump events on pyglet windows if they exist. if havePyglet: for win in _default_display_.get_windows(): win.dispatch_events() # Get keypresses and return if anything is pressed. keys = getKeys(keyList=keyList, modifiers=modifiers, timeStamped=timeStamped) if keys: got_keypress = True if got_keypress: return keys else: logging.data('No keypress (maxWait exceeded)') return None
[docs]def xydist(p1=(0.0, 0.0), p2=(0.0, 0.0)): """Helper function returning the cartesian distance between p1 and p2 """ return numpy.sqrt(pow(p1[0] - p2[0], 2) + pow(p1[1] - p2[1], 2))
[docs]class Mouse: """Easy way to track what your mouse is doing. It needn't be a class, but since Joystick works better as a class this may as well be one too for consistency Create your `visual.Window` before creating a Mouse. :Parameters: visible : **True** or False makes the mouse invisible if necessary newPos : **None** or [x,y] gives the mouse a particular starting position (pygame `Window` only) win : **None** or `Window` the window to which this mouse is attached (the first found if None provided) """ def __init__(self, visible=True, newPos=None, win=None): super(Mouse, self).__init__() self._visible = visible self.lastPos = None self.prevPos = None # used for motion detection and timing if win: self.win = win else: try: # to avoid circular imports, core.openWindows is defined # by visual.py and updated in core namespace; # it's circular to "import visual" here in event self.win = psychopy.core.openWindows[0]() logging.info('Mouse: using default window') except (NameError, IndexError): logging.error('Mouse: failed to get a default visual.Window' ' (need to create one first)') self.win = None # get the scaling factors for the display if self.win is not None: self._winScaleFactor = self.win.getContentScaleFactor() else: self._winScaleFactor = 1.0 # for builder: set status to STARTED, NOT_STARTED etc self.status = None self.mouseClock = psychopy.core.Clock() self.movedistance = 0.0 # if pygame isn't initialised then we must use pyglet global usePygame if havePygame and not pygame.display.get_init(): usePygame = False self.setVisible(visible) if newPos is not None: self.setPos(newPos) @property def units(self): """The units for this mouse (will match the current units for the Window it lives in) """ return self.win.units
[docs] def setPos(self, newPos=(0, 0)): """Sets the current position of the mouse, in the same units as the :class:`~visual.Window`. (0,0) is the center. :Parameters: newPos : (x,y) or [x,y] the new position on the screen """ newPosPix = self._windowUnits2pix(numpy.array(newPos)) if usePygame: newPosPix[1] = self.win.size[1] / 2 - newPosPix[1] newPosPix[0] = self.win.size[0] / 2 + newPosPix[0] mouse.set_pos(newPosPix) else: if hasattr(self.win.winHandle, 'set_mouse_position'): if self.win.useRetina: newPosPix = numpy.array(self.win.size) / 4 + newPosPix / 2 else: wsf = self._winScaleFactor newPosPix = \ numpy.array(self.win.size) / (2 * wsf) + newPosPix / wsf x, y = int(newPosPix[0]), int(newPosPix[1]) self.win.winHandle.set_mouse_position(x, y) self.win.winHandle._mouse_x = x self.win.winHandle._mouse_y = y else: msg = 'mouse position could not be set (pyglet %s)' logging.error(msg % pyglet.version)
[docs] def getPos(self): """Returns the current position of the mouse, in the same units as the :class:`~visual.Window` (0,0) is at centre """ lastPosPix = numpy.zeros((2,), dtype=numpy.float32) if usePygame: # for pygame top left is 0,0 lastPosPix = numpy.array(mouse.get_pos()) # set (0,0) to centre lastPosPix[1] = self.win.size[1] / 2 - lastPosPix[1] lastPosPix[0] = lastPosPix[0] - self.win.size[0] / 2 self.lastPos = self._pix2windowUnits(lastPosPix) elif useGLFW and self.win.winType=='glfw': lastPosPix[:] = self.win.backend.getMousePos() if self.win.useRetina: lastPosPix *= 2.0 else: # for pyglet bottom left is 0,0 # use default window if we don't have one if self.win: w = self.win.winHandle else: if psychopy.core.openWindows: w = psychopy.core.openWindows[0]() else: logging.warning("Called event.Mouse.getPos() for the mouse with no Window being opened") return None # get position in window lastPosPix[:] = w._mouse_x, w._mouse_y # set (0,0) to centre if self.win.useRetina: lastPosPix = lastPosPix * 2 - numpy.array(self.win.size) / 2 else: wsf = self._winScaleFactor lastPosPix = lastPosPix * wsf - numpy.array(self.win.size) / 2 self.lastPos = self._pix2windowUnits(lastPosPix) return copy.copy(self.lastPos)
[docs] def mouseMoved(self, distance=None, reset=False): """Determine whether/how far the mouse has moved. With no args returns true if mouse has moved at all since last getPos() call, or distance (x,y) can be set to pos or neg distances from x and y to see if moved either x or y that far from lastPos, or distance can be an int/float to test if new coordinates are more than that far in a straight line from old coords. Retrieve time of last movement from self.mouseClock.getTime(). Reset can be to 'here' or to screen coords (x,y) which allows measuring distance from there to mouse when moved. If reset is (x,y) and distance is set, then prevPos is set to (x,y) and distance from (x,y) to here is checked, mouse.lastPos is set as current (x,y) by getPos(), mouse.prevPos holds lastPos from last time mouseMoved was called. """ # mouseMove = clock that gets reset by pyglet mouse movement handler: global mouseMove # needs initialization before getPos resets lastPos self.prevPos = copy.copy(self.lastPos) self.getPos() # sets self.lastPos to current position if not reset: if distance is None: if self.prevPos[0] != self.lastPos[0]: return True if self.prevPos[1] != self.lastPos[1]: return True else: if isinstance(distance, int) or isinstance(distance, float): self.movedistance = xydist(self.prevPos, self.lastPos) if self.movedistance > distance: return True else: return False if self.prevPos[0] + distance[0] - self.lastPos[0] > 0.0: return True # moved on X-axis if self.prevPos[1] + distance[1] - self.lastPos[0] > 0.0: return True # moved on Y-axis return False if reset is True: # just reset the last move time: starts/zeroes the move clock mouseMove.reset() # resets the global mouseMove clock return False if reset == 'here': # set to wherever we are self.prevPos = copy.copy(self.lastPos) # lastPos set in getPos() return False if hasattr(reset, '__len__'): # a tuple or list of (x,y) # reset to (x,y) to check movement from there self.prevPos = copy.copy(reset) if not distance: return False # just resetting prevPos, not checking distance else: # checking distance of current pos to newly reset prevposition if isinstance(distance, int) or isinstance(distance, float): self.movedistance = xydist(self.prevPos, self.lastPos) if self.movedistance > distance: return True else: return False # distance is x,y tuple, to check if the mouse moved that # far on either x or y axis # distance must be (dx,dy), and reset is (rx,ry), current pos # (cx,cy): Is cx-rx > dx ? if abs(self.lastPos[0] - self.prevPos[0]) > distance[0]: return True # moved on X-axis if abs(self.lastPos[1] - self.prevPos[1]) > distance[1]: return True # moved on Y-axis return False return False
[docs] def mouseMoveTime(self): global mouseMove if mouseMove: return mouseMove.getTime() else: return 0 # mouseMove clock not started
[docs] def getRel(self): """Returns the new position of the mouse relative to the last call to getRel or getPos, in the same units as the :class:`~visual.Window`. """ if usePygame: relPosPix = numpy.array(mouse.get_rel()) * [1, -1] return self._pix2windowUnits(relPosPix) else: # NB getPost() resets lastPos so MUST retrieve lastPos first if self.lastPos is None: relPos = self.getPos() else: # DON't switch to (this-lastPos) relPos = -self.lastPos + self.getPos() return relPos
[docs] def getWheelRel(self): """Returns the travel of the mouse scroll wheel since last call. Returns a numpy.array(x,y) but for most wheels y is the only value that will change (except Mac mighty mice?) """ global mouseWheelRel rel = mouseWheelRel mouseWheelRel = numpy.array([0.0, 0.0]) return rel
@property def visible(self): """Gets the visibility of the mouse (1 or 0) """ if usePygame: return mouse.get_visible() else: print("Getting the mouse visibility is not supported under" " pyglet, but you can set it anyway") @visible.setter def visible(self, visible): """Sets the visibility of the mouse to 1 or 0 NB when the mouse is not visible its absolute position is held at (0, 0) to prevent it from going off the screen and getting lost! You can still use getRel() in that case. """ self.setVisible(visible)
[docs] def getVisible(self): """Gets the visibility of the mouse (1 or 0) """ if usePygame: return mouse.get_visible() return self._visible
[docs] def setVisible(self, visible): """Sets the visibility of the mouse to 1 or 0 NB when the mouse is not visible its absolute position is held at (0, 0) to prevent it from going off the screen and getting lost! You can still use getRel() in that case. """ if self.win: # use default window if we don't have one self.win.setMouseVisible(visible) elif usePygame: mouse.set_visible(visible) else: from psychopy.visual import openWindows if openWindows: w = openWindows[0]() # type: psychopy.visual.Window else: logging.warning( "Called event.Mouse.getPos() for the mouse with no Window " "being opened") return None w.setMouseVisible(visible) self._visible = visible # set internal state
[docs] def clickReset(self, buttons=(0, 1, 2)): """Reset a 3-item list of core.Clocks use in timing button clicks. The pyglet mouse-button-pressed handler uses their clock.getLastResetTime() when a button is pressed so the user can reset them at stimulus onset or offset to measure RT. The default is to reset all, but they can be reset individually as specified in buttons list """ global mouseClick for c in buttons: mouseClick[c].reset() mouseTimes[c] = 0.0
[docs] def getPressed(self, getTime=False): """Returns a 3-item list indicating whether or not buttons 0,1,2 are currently pressed. If `getTime=True` (False by default) then `getPressed` will return all buttons that have been pressed since the last call to `mouse.clickReset` as well as their time stamps:: buttons = mouse.getPressed() buttons, times = mouse.getPressed(getTime=True) Typically you want to call :ref:`mouse.clickReset()` at stimulus onset, then after the button is pressed in reaction to it, the total time elapsed from the last reset to click is in mouseTimes. This is the actual RT, regardless of when the call to `getPressed()` was made. """ global mouseButtons, mouseTimes if usePygame: return mouse.get_pressed() else: # False: # havePyglet: # like in getKeys - pump the events # for each (pyglet) window, dispatch its events before checking # event buffer for win in _default_display_.get_windows(): win.dispatch_events() # pump events on pyglet windows # else: if not getTime: return copy.copy(mouseButtons) else: return copy.copy(mouseButtons), copy.copy(mouseTimes)
[docs] def isPressedIn(self, shape, buttons=(0, 1, 2)): """Returns `True` if the mouse is currently inside the shape and one of the mouse buttons is pressed. The default is that any of the 3 buttons can indicate a click; for only a left-click, specify `buttons=[0]`:: if mouse.isPressedIn(shape): if mouse.isPressedIn(shape, buttons=[0]): # left-clicks only Ideally, `shape` can be anything that has a `.contains()` method, like `ShapeStim` or `Polygon`. Not tested with `ImageStim`. """ wanted = numpy.zeros(3, dtype=int) for c in buttons: wanted[c] = 1 pressed = self.getPressed() return any(wanted & pressed) and shape.contains(self)
def _pix2windowUnits(self, pos): if self.win.units == 'pix': if self.win.useRetina: pos /= 2.0 return pos elif self.win.units == 'norm': return pos * 2.0 / self.win.size elif self.win.units == 'cm': return pix2cm(pos, self.win.monitor) elif self.win.units == 'deg': return pix2deg(pos, self.win.monitor) elif self.win.units == 'height': return pos / float(self.win.size[1]) def _windowUnits2pix(self, pos): if self.win.units == 'pix': return pos elif self.win.units == 'norm': return pos * self.win.size / 2.0 elif self.win.units == 'cm': return cm2pix(pos, self.win.monitor) elif self.win.units == 'deg': return deg2pix(pos, self.win.monitor) elif self.win.units == 'height': return pos * float(self.win.size[1])
[docs] def setExclusive(self, exclusivity): """Binds the mouse to the experiment window. Only works in Pyglet. In multi-monitor settings, or with a window that is not fullscreen, the mouse pointer can drift, and thereby PsychoPy might not get the events from that window. setExclusive(True) works with Pyglet to bind the mouse to the experiment window. Note that binding the mouse pointer to a window will cause the pointer to vanish, and absolute positions will no longer be meaningful getPos() returns [0, 0] in this case. """ if type(exclusivity) is not bool: raise ValueError('Exclusivity must be a boolean!') if not usePygame: msg = ('Setting mouse exclusivity in Pyglet will cause the ' 'cursor to disappear, and getPos() will be rendered ' 'meaningless, returning [0, 0]') psychopy.logging.warning(msg) self.win.winHandle.set_exclusive_mouse(exclusivity) else: print('Mouse exclusivity can only be set for Pyglet!')
class BuilderKeyResponse(): """Used in scripts created by the builder to keep track of a clock and the current status (whether or not we are currently checking the keyboard) """ def __init__(self): super(BuilderKeyResponse, self).__init__() self.status = NOT_STARTED self.keys = [] # the key(s) pressed self.corr = 0 # was the resp correct this trial? (0=no, 1=yes) self.rt = [] # response time(s) self.clock = psychopy.core.Clock() # we'll use this to measure the rt
[docs]def clearEvents(eventType=None): """Clears all events currently in the event buffer. Optional argument, eventType, specifies only certain types to be cleared. :Parameters: eventType : **None**, 'mouse', 'joystick', 'keyboard' If this is not None then only events of the given type are cleared """ if not havePygame or not display.get_init(): # pyglet # For each window, dispatch its events before # checking event buffer. for win in _default_display_.get_windows(): win.dispatch_events() # pump events on pyglet windows if eventType == 'mouse': pass elif eventType == 'joystick': pass else: # eventType='keyboard' or eventType=None. global _keyBuffer _keyBuffer = [] else: # pygame if eventType == 'mouse': evt.get([locals.MOUSEMOTION, locals.MOUSEBUTTONUP, locals.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN]) elif eventType == 'keyboard': evt.get([locals.KEYDOWN, locals.KEYUP]) elif eventType == 'joystick': evt.get([locals.JOYAXISMOTION, locals.JOYBALLMOTION, locals.JOYHATMOTION, locals.JOYBUTTONUP, locals.JOYBUTTONDOWN]) else: evt.get()
class _GlobalEventKeys(MutableMapping): """ Global event keys for the pyglet backend. Global event keys are single keys (or combinations of a single key and one or more "modifier" keys such as Ctrl, Alt, etc.) with an associated Python callback function. This function will be executed if the key (or key/modifiers combination) was pressed. PsychoPy fully automatically monitors and processes key presses during most portions of the experimental run, for example during `core.wait()` periods, or when calling `win.flip()`. If a global event key press is detected, the specified function will be run immediately. You are not required to manually poll and check for key presses. This can be particularly useful to implement a global "shutdown" key, or to trigger laboratory equipment on a key press when testing your experimental script -- without cluttering the code. But of course the application is not limited to these two scenarios. In fact, you can associate any Python function with a global event key. The PsychoPy preferences for `shutdownKey` and `shutdownKeyModifiers` (both unset by default) will be used to automatically create a global shutdown key once the `psychopy.event` module is being imported. :Notes: All keyboard -> event associations are stored in the `self._events` OrderedDict. The dictionary keys are namedtuples with the elements `key` and `mofifiers`. `key` is a string defining an (ordinary) keyboard key, and `modifiers` is a tuple of modifier key strings, e.g., `('ctrl', 'alt')`. The user does not access this attribute directly, but should index the class instance itself (via `globalKeys[key, modifiers]`). That way, the `modifiers` sequence will be transparently converted into a tuple (which is a hashable type) before trying to index `self._events`. """ _GlobalEvent = namedtuple( '_GlobalEvent', ['func', 'func_args', 'func_kwargs', 'name']) _IndexKey = namedtuple('_IndexKey', ['key', 'modifiers']) _valid_keys = set(string.ascii_lowercase + string.digits + string.punctuation + ' \t') _valid_keys.update(['escape', 'left', 'right', 'up', 'down', 'space']) _valid_modifiers = {'shift', 'ctrl', 'alt', 'capslock', 'scrolllock', 'command', 'option', 'windows'} def __init__(self): super(_GlobalEventKeys, self).__init__() self._events = OrderedDict() if prefs.general['shutdownKey']: msg = ('Found shutdown key definition in preferences; ' 'enabling shutdown key.') logging.info(msg) self.add(key=prefs.general['shutdownKey'], modifiers=prefs.general['shutdownKeyModifiers'], func=psychopy.core.quit, name='shutdown (auto-created from prefs)') def __repr__(self): info = '' for index_key, event in list(self._events.items()): info += '\n\t' if index_key.modifiers: _modifiers = ['[%s]' % m.upper() for m in index_key.modifiers] info += '%s + ' % ' + '.join(_modifiers) info += ("[%s] -> '%s' %s" % (index_key.key.upper(), event.name, event.func)) return '<_GlobalEventKeys : %s\n>' % info def __str__(self): return ('<_GlobalEventKeys : %i key->event mappings defined.>' % len(self)) def __len__(self): return len(self._events) def __getitem__(self, key): index_key = self._gen_index_key(key) return self._events[index_key] def __setitem__(self, key, value): msg = 'Please use `.add()` to add a new global event key.' raise NotImplementedError(msg) def __delitem__(self, key): index_key = self._gen_index_key(key) event = self._events.pop(index_key, None) if event is None: msg = 'Requested to remove unregistered global event key.' raise KeyError(msg) else: logging.exp("Removed global key event: '%s'." % event.name) def __iter__(self): return iter(self._events.keys()) def _gen_index_key(self, key): if isinstance(key, str): # Single key, passed as a string. index_key = self._IndexKey(key, ()) else: # Convert modifiers into a hashable type. index_key = self._IndexKey(key[0], tuple(key[1])) return index_key def add(self, key, func, func_args=(), func_kwargs=None, modifiers=(), name=None): """ Add a global event key. :Parameters: key : string The key to add. func : function The function to invoke once the specified keys were pressed. func_args : iterable Positional arguments to be passed to the specified function. func_kwargs : dict Keyword arguments to be passed to the specified function. modifiers : collection of strings Modifier keys. Valid keys are: 'shift', 'ctrl', 'alt' (not on macOS), 'capslock', 'scrolllock', 'command' (macOS only), 'option' (macOS only) Num Lock is not supported. name : string The name of the event. Will be used for logging. If None, will use the name of the specified function. :Raises: ValueError If the specified key or modifiers are invalid, or if the key / modifier combination has already been assigned to a global event. """ if key not in self._valid_keys: raise ValueError('Unknown key specified: %s' % key) if not set(modifiers).issubset(self._valid_modifiers): raise ValueError('Unknown modifier key specified.') index_key = self._gen_index_key((key, modifiers)) if index_key in self._events: msg = ('The specified key is already assigned to a global event. ' 'Use `.remove()` to remove it first.') raise ValueError(msg) if func_kwargs is None: func_kwargs = {} if name is None: name = func.__name__ self._events[index_key] = self._GlobalEvent(func, func_args, func_kwargs, name) logging.exp('Added new global key event: %s' % name) def remove(self, key, modifiers=()): """ Remove a global event key. :Parameters: key : string A single key name. If `'all'`, remove all event keys. modifiers : collection of strings Modifier keys. Valid keys are: 'shift', 'ctrl', 'alt' (not on macOS), 'capslock', 'numlock', 'scrolllock', 'command' (macOS only), 'option' (macOS only), 'windows' (Windows only) """ if key == 'all': self._events = OrderedDict() logging.exp('Removed all global key events.') return del self[key, modifiers] def _onGLFWKey(*args, **kwargs): """Callback for key/character events for the GLFW backend. :return: """ keyTime = psychopy.core.getTime() # get timestamp # TODO - support for key emulation win_ptr, key, scancode, action, modifiers = args global useText if key == glfw.KEY_UNKNOWN: useText = True return useText = False # get the printable name, always make lowercase key_name = glfw.get_key_name(key, scancode) # if there is no localized key name or space if key_name is None or key_name == ' ': try: key_name = _glfw_keycodes_[key] except KeyError: pass else: key_name = key_name.lower() # TODO - modifier integration keySource = 'Keypress' _keyBuffer.append((key_name, modifiers, keyTime)) # tuple logging.data("%s: %s" % (keySource, key_name)) def _onGLFWText(*args, **kwargs): """Handle unicode character events if _onGLFWKey() cannot. :return: """ keyTime = psychopy.core.getTime() # get timestamp # TODO - support for key emulation win_ptr, codepoint, modifiers = args # win = glfw.get_window_user_pointer(win_ptr) text = chr(codepoint) # convert to unicode character (Python 3.0) global useText if not useText: # _onPygletKey has handled the input return keySource = 'KeyPress' _keyBuffer.append((text, keyTime)) logging.data("%s: %s" % (keySource, text)) def _onGLFWMouseButton(*args, **kwargs): """Callback for mouse press events. Both press and release actions are handled by this function as they both invoke the same callback. """ global mouseButtons, mouseClick, mouseTimes now = psychopy.core.getTime() win_ptr, button, action, modifier = args # win = glfw.get_window_user_pointer(win_ptr) # get current position of the mouse # this might not be at the exact location of the mouse press x, y = glfw.get_cursor_pos(win_ptr) # process actions if action == glfw.PRESS: if button == glfw.MOUSE_BUTTON_LEFT: mouseButtons[0] = 1 mouseTimes[0] = now - mouseClick[0].getLastResetTime() elif button == glfw.MOUSE_BUTTON_MIDDLE: mouseButtons[1] = 1 mouseTimes[1] = now - mouseClick[1].getLastResetTime() elif button == glfw.MOUSE_BUTTON_RIGHT: mouseButtons[2] = 1 mouseTimes[2] = now - mouseClick[2].getLastResetTime() elif action == glfw.RELEASE: if button == glfw.MOUSE_BUTTON_LEFT: mouseButtons[0] = 0 elif button == glfw.MOUSE_BUTTON_MIDDLE: mouseButtons[1] = 0 elif button == glfw.MOUSE_BUTTON_RIGHT: mouseButtons[2] = 0 def _onGLFWMouseScroll(*args, **kwargs): """Callback for mouse scrolling events. For most computer mice with scroll wheels, only the vertical (Y-offset) is relevant. """ window_ptr, x_offset, y_offset = args global mouseWheelRel mouseWheelRel = mouseWheelRel + numpy.array([x_offset, y_offset]) msg = "Mouse: wheel shift=(%i,%i)" logging.data(msg % (x_offset, y_offset)) def _getGLFWJoystickButtons(*args, **kwargs): """ :return: """ pass def _getGLFWJoystickAxes(*args, **kwargs): """ :return: """ pass if havePyglet: globalKeys = _GlobalEventKeys()

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